U. S. Patent No. 8,005,198,  Methods and Apparatus for Defending Against Telephone-based Robotic Attacks using Permutation of an IVR Menu, issued August 23, 2011. (URL)

U. S. Patent No. 8,005,197, Methods and Apparatus for Defending Against Telephone-based Robotic Attacks using Contextual-based Degradation, issued August 23, 2011. (URL)

U. S. Patent No. 7,978,831, Methods and Apparatus for Defending Against Telephone-based Robotic Attacks using Random Personal Codes, issued July 12, 2011. (URL)

U. S. Patent No. 7,171,061, Systems and Methods for Triage of Passages of Text output from an OCR System, issued January 30, 2007. (URL)

U. S. Patent No. 6,052,483, Methods and Apparatus for Image Classification using Distribution Maps, issued April 18, 2000. (URL)

U. S. Patent No. 5,825,925, Image Classifier Utilizing Class Distribution Maps for Character Recognition, issued October 20, 1998. (URL)

U. S. Patent No. 5,796,410, Generation and Use of Defective Images in Image Analysis, issued August 18, 1998 (URL) (Also Canadian Patent No. 2,043,593, issued January 16, 1996.)

U. S. Patent No. 5,647,021, Image Segmenting Apparatus and Methods, issued July 8, 1997. (URL)

U. S. Patent No. 5,430,808, Image Segmenting Apparatus and Methods, issued July 4, 1995. (URL)

U. S. Patent No. 5,001,766, Apparatus And Method for Skew Control Of Document Images, issued March 19, 1991. (URL)

Applications are pending for image classifiers & neural nets for OCR, degraded character image restoration, table reader systems, methods & systems for reflowable images of text, and methods for human interactive proofs.